​Estrone(3-hydroxy-1,3,5(10)-estratrien-17-one;E1)isoneofthethreemainestrogenicsteroidhormonesproducedinhumans.Circulatingestronelevelsarerelativelyhighatbirthinbothmalesandfemales,decreasepostnatally,andincreaseduringpuberty.(1)Ofthethreemajorestrogens,estroneispredominantaftermenopauseinwomen.(1)

Inpremenopausalwomenestroneisprimarilyproducedbyconversionofandrostenedioneintheovaries,withconcentrationspeakinginthepreovulatoryphaseandasmallersecondaryincreaseduringthelutealphase.(1,2)Inpost-menopausalwomen,children,andmen,estroneislargelyproducedbyconversionofandrostenedioneinperipheraltissues.(1,2,3)EstroneissubsequentlyreducedtoestrADIolinvariousperipheraltissues.(3)

Innon-pregnantwomen,onlyabout3%ofestroneinthebloodstreamisnotboundtoproteins.(4)Unboundestroneenterssalivafrombloodviaintracellularmechanisms,andinsalivathemajorityoftheestroneremainsunboundtoprotein.Thesalivaandplasmavaluesarehighlycorrelated.(5) ​

1. Faiman,C.,Winter,J.S.,Reyes,F.I.(1976).Patternsofgonadotrophinsandgonadalsteroidsthroughoutlife.ClinObstetGynecol,3(3),467-83.
2. Cañez,M.S.,Lee,K.J.,&Olive,D.L.(1992).Progestogensandestrogens.Infert ReprodMedClinNorthAmer,3,59-78.
3. Sasano,H.,Harada,N.(1998).Intratumoralaromataseinhumanbreast,endometrial,andovarianmalignancies. EndocrRev,19(5),593-607.
4. Speight,A.C.,Hancock,K.W.,Oakey,R.E.(1979). Non-protein-boundoestrogensinplasmaandurinaryexcretionofunconjugatedoestrogensinnon-pregnantwomen. JEndocrinol,83,385-91.
5. Vining,R.F.,McGinley,R.A.(1987).Themeasurementofhormonesinsaliva:Possibilitiesandpitfalls. JSteroidBiochem,27(1-3),81-94.

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